@article {183,
	title = {Preliminary data on the feeding habits of the endemic species Synodontis koensis Pellegrin, 1933 (Siluriformes, Mochokidae) in a West African River (Sassandra River Basin, Cote d{\textquoteright}Ivoire)},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {-},
	abstract = {In the implementation of programs for protection and management of ichthyofauna, endemic species should have high priority in the conservation measures. Their fishery should be based on intimate knowledge of their ecology and biology.Feeding habits of the endemic Mochokid Synodontis koensis were assessed in the Sassandra River (Cote d{\textquoteright}Ivoire) in relation to the study zone, the specimen sex and size, and the season.Of the 303 stomachs examined, 49 were empty (16\%). The fluctuation of the vacuity index indicated that S. koensis feeds more at night. The diet consisted mainly of plant detritus and chironomid larvae. The statistical analysis of the feeding according to the study zones, the sex of fish and the seasons does not show any significant difference between regimes, whereas significant ontogenic shifts in diet were observed.},
	url = {http://links.isiglobalnet2.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOS\&KeyUT=000280888700004},
	author = {Yao, S S and Kouame, K A and Ouattara, N I and Bi, G Goore and Kouamelan, E P}
}
@article {258,
	title = {The status and distribution of freshwater fish},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	abstract = {Family Total Number of endemics Number of threatened taxa CYPRINIDAE 34 22 11 CICHLIDAE 16 3 3 12 0 3 MORMYRIDAE 9 0 5 BAGRIDAE 8 0 2 ALESTIIDAE 8 0 1 CITHARINIDAE 6 0 2 CYPRINODONTIDAE 5 3 1 SCHILBEIDAE 4 0 1 SALMONIDAE 3 3 1},
	url = {http://data.iucn.org/dbtw-wpd/edocs/2010-039.pdf$\#$page=26},
	author = {Yahyaoui, A and Melhaoui, M}
}
@article {275,
	title = {Morphology of the Gas Bladder in Sea Catfishes (Siluriformes: Ariidae)},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {59 - 68},
	abstract = {The morphology of the gas bladder and associated structures in sea catfishes (Siluriformes: Ariidae) is studied. The most simple gas bladder, exclusive to Galeichthys Valenciennes, is apple-shaped with weakly developed internal trabeculae, has smooth walls externally and a short Mullerian window associated with a broad, short Mullerian ramus that is firmly attached to Baudelot{\textquoteright}s ligament and supracleithrum. Most genera of Ariidae have a cordiform bladder with well-developed trabeculae, smooth walls externally, an elongate Mullerian window and an elongate Mullerian ramus with an acute tip that is free from the Baudelot{\textquoteright}s ligament and supracleithrum. Sciades proops (Valenciennes) and S. parkeri (Traill) have a similar gas bladder but with a well-developed secondary chamber. Other genera of Ariidae also have a cordiform bladder with well-developed trabeculae and elongate Mullerian window, but with lateral diverticula present as shallow rounded bulges or blister-like swellings along the peripheral margins of the bladder. The degree of development of lateral diverticula varies among and within species, with Osteogeneiosus Bleeker having the most highly-developed diverticula. Bagre pinnimaculatus (Steindachner) and Bagre bagre (Linnaeus) have unusual depressed gas bladders with complex network of internal trabeculae. The implications of gas bladder morphology for the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the family are discussed.},
	url = {http://apps.isiknowledge.com/InboundService.do?Func=Frame\&product=WOS\&action=retrieve\&SrcApp=Papers\&UT=000281327500004\&SID=3FMnoFdAmP2HF26KDo8\&Init=Yes\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&mode=FullRecord\&customersID=mekentosj\&DestFail=http\%3A\%2F\%2Faccess.isiproducts.com\%2F},
	author = {Marceniuk, Alexandre P and Birindelli, Jose L O}
}
@article {203,
	title = {A NEW SPECIES OF THE CATFISH NIGERIUM FROM THE PALAEOGENE OF THE TILEMSI VALLEY, REPUBLIC OF MALI},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {571 - 594},
	abstract = {The phosphate deposits of the Tilemsi Valley, Republic of Mali, West Africa, are well known for their rich fossil vertebrate fauna including fishes, crocodilians, snakes and mammals. Despite this, the exact age of the deposits has been in some doubt. Here, a new species of catfish, Nigerium tamaguelense sp. nov., is described from the phosphate deposits at Tamaguelelt, Tilemsi Valley, based on a large collection of 29 well-preserved crania. The crania are compared with the known species of Nigerium, N. wurnoense White and N. gadense White. The genus Nigerium is reviewed and now placed in the family Claroteidae based on a combination of three derived characters. Nigerium is compared with other African fossil catfish genera and the fossil record of catfish families in Africa is reviewed. The new evidence presented here shows the Claroteidae to be the earliest occurring catfish family in Africa. Evidence is also presented for an Early Eocene age for the phosphate deposits at Tamaguelelt.},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00946.x/abstract;jsessionid=2324B382003E44EA6DD501E5A3A54754.d02t01},
	author = {Longbottom, Alison}
}
@article {207,
	title = {Phenex: Ontological Annotation of Phenotypic Diversity},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {e10500},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Background: Phenotypic differences among species have long been systematically itemized and described by biologists in the process of investigating phylogenetic relationships and trait evolution. Traditionally, these descriptions have been expressed in natural language within the context of individual journal publications or monographs. As such, this rich store of phenotype data has been largely unavailable for statistical and computational comparisons across studies or integration with other biological knowledge.Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we describe Phenex, a platform-independent desktop application designed to facilitate efficient and consistent annotation of phenotypic similarities and differences using Entity-Quality syntax, drawing on terms from community ontologies for anatomical entities, phenotypic qualities, and taxonomic names. Phenex can be configured to load only those ontologies pertinent to a taxonomic group of interest. The graphical user interface was optimized for evolutionary biologists accustomed to working with lists of taxa, characters, character states, and character-by-taxon matrices.Conclusions/Significance: Annotation of phenotypic data using ontologies and globally unique taxonomic identifiers will allow biologists to integrate phenotypic data from different organisms and studies, leveraging decades of work in systematics and comparative morphology.},
	url = {http://www.plosone.org/article/info\%3Adoi\%2F10.1371\%2Fjournal.pone.0010500},
	author = {Balhoff, James P and Dahdul, Wasila M and Kothari, Cartik R and Lapp, Hilmar and Lundberg, John G and Mabee, Paula M and Midford, Peter E and Westerfield, Monte and Vision, Todd J}
}
@article {150,
	title = {The early/late Pliocene ichthyofauna from Koro-Toro, Eastern Djurab, Chad},
	volume = {43},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {241 - 251},
	abstract = {This is the first extensive study of a freshwater fish fauna from the Pliocene site of Koro-Toro (Chad), aged 3.58 +/- 0.27 Ma. The assemblage includes an abafish (Mormyriformes, Gymnarchidae: Gymnarchus), a tigerfish (Characiformes, Alestidae: Hydrocynus), six different catfishes (Siluriformes, Ariidae: Carlarius; Bagridae: Bagrus; Claroteidae: Clarotes and Auchenoglanis; Mochokidae: Synadontis; Clariidae: Clarias or Heterobranchus), perciform fishes (Perciformes, Latidae: Lates sp. ef. niloticus, and Cichlidae indet.), and a pufferfish (Tetraodontidormes, Tetraodontidae: Tetraodon). The diversity is relatively low when compared with other Chadian Neogene sites. This is probably mostly explained by the wind erosion of the outcrops being responsible for the lack of minute remains. However, we recognize that the aquatic environment recorded corresponds to open waters. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.},
	url = {http://links.isiglobalnet2.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOS\&KeyUT=000276839000007},
	author = {Otero, Olga and Pinton, Aurelie and Mackaye, Hassan Taisso and Likius, Andossa and Vignaud, Patrick and Brunet, Michel}
}
@article {206,
	title = {Evolutionary Characters, Phenotypes and Ontologies: Curating Data from the Systematic Biology Literature},
	volume = {5},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {e10708},
	publisher = {Public Library of Science},
	abstract = {Background: The wealth of phenotypic descriptions documented in the published articles, monographs, and dissertations of phylogenetic systematics is traditionally reported in a free-text format, and it is therefore largely inaccessible for linkage to biological databases for genetics, development, and phenotypes, and difficult to manage for large-scale integrative work. The Phenoscape project aims to represent these complex and detailed descriptions with rich and formal semantics that are amenable to computation and integration with phenotype data from other fields of biology. This entails reconceptualizing the traditional free-text characters into the computable Entity-Quality (EQ) formalism using ontologies.Methodology/Principal Findings: We used ontologies and the EQ formalism to curate a collection of 47 phylogenetic studies on ostariophysan fishes (including catfishes, characins, minnows, knifefishes) and their relatives with the goal of integrating these complex phenotype descriptions with information from an existing model organism database (zebrafish, http://zfin.org). We developed a curation workflow for the collection of character, taxonomic and specimen data from these publications. A total of 4,617 phenotypic characters (10,512 states) for 3,449 taxa, primarily species, were curated into EQ formalism (for a total of 12,861 EQ statements) using anatomical and taxonomic terms from teleost-specific ontologies (Teleost Anatomy Ontology and Teleost Taxonomy Ontology) in combination with terms from a quality ontology (Phenotype and Trait Ontology). Standards and guidelines for consistently and accurately representing phenotypes were developed in response to the challenges that were evident from two annotation experiments and from feedback from curators.Conclusions/Significance: The challenges we encountered and many of the curation standards and methods for improving consistency that we developed are generally applicable to any effort to represent phenotypes using ontologies. This is because an ontological representation of the detailed variations in phenotype, whether between mutant or wildtype, among individual humans, or across the diversity of species, requires a process by which a precise combination of terms from domain ontologies are selected and organized according to logical relations. The efficiencies that we have developed in this process will be useful for any attempt to annotate complex phenotypic descriptions using ontologies. We also discuss some ramifications of EQ representation for the domain of systematics.},
	url = {http://www.plosone.org/article/info\%3Adoi\%2F10.1371\%2Fjournal.pone.0010708},
	author = {Dahdul, Wasila M and Balhoff, James P and Engeman, Jeffrey and Grande, Terry and Hilton, Eric J and Kothari, Cartik R and Lapp, Hilmar and Lundberg, John G and Midford, Peter E and Vision, Todd J and Westerfield, Monte and Mabee, Paula M}
}
@article {165,
	title = {Functional study of the pectoral spine stridulation mechanism in different mochokid catfishes.},
	volume = {213},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {1107 - 1114},
	abstract = {Mochokidae are able to produce pectoral spine stridulation sounds. During sound production, high speed videos were used to study the pectoral fin movements to identify the mechanisms involved. A call consisted of a series of pulses and occurred during a spine sweep, which was in fact made up of a series of jerky movements. The morphology of the pectoral spines and associated muscles was also observed in different species. The contractions of adductor profundus and superficial adductor allows adduction and abduction movements (sweep) of the spine, respectively. Simultaneously, the contraction of the arrector ventralis or the arrector 3 of the pectoral spine allows the pulling and pressing the ridges of the dorsal process, against the rough lateral face of the spinal fossa. This results in the rubbing of the ridges of the dorsal process, producing sounds. In Synodontis the analogy for sound production would be a brake shoe pressing against a wheel.},
	url = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed\&id=20228347\&retmode=ref\&cmd=prlinks},
	author = {Parmentier, E and Fabri, G and Kaatz, I and Decloux, N and Planes, S and Vandewalle, P}
}
@article {116,
	title = {Contribution {\`a} la connaissance de l{\textquoteright}ichtyofaune de l{\textquoteright}Inkisi au Bas-Congo (RD du Congo)},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	publisher = {Soci{\'e}t{\'e} fran{\c c}aise d{\textquoteright}ichtyologie},
	abstract = {Amphiliidae Amphilius zairensis Skelton, 1986 x Doumea alula nichols \& griscom, 1917 xxxx x Phractura brevicaudata boulenger, 1911 x Mochokidae batesii boulenger, 1904 x congicus boulenger, 1920 x Euchilichthys guentheri (Schilthuis, 1891) xxx},
	url = {http://orbi.ulg.ac.be/handle/2268/67762},
	author = {Lunkayilakio, W and Vreven, EJ and Vandewalle, P and Mutambue, S}
}
@article {272,
	title = {The bony anatomy of Chadian Synodontis (Osteichthyes, Teleostei, Siluriformes, Mochokidae): interspecific variations and specific characters},
	volume = {32},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	pages = {173 - 231},
	abstract = {The genus Synodontis Cuvier, 1816 (Siluriformes, Mochokidae) numbers about 120 species and is exclusive to the freshwater of Africa except Maghreb and Cape Province It is one of the most widespread catfish of African freshwater The Synodontis fossil record covers the last 18 Myr and most of the Synodontis fossil hones are found in a disarticulated state The identification of the fossils at a specific level is so far impossible, because we lack an osteological study of the species. Here, we present the study of the osteology of eleven Synodontis species living in Chad S. batensoda Ruppell, 1832, S. clarias (Linnaeus, 1758), S courteti Pellegrin, 1906, S. eupterus Boulenger, 1901, S filamentosus Boulenger, 1901, S. membranaceus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809), S nigrita Valenciennes, 1840, S ocellifer Boulenger, 1900, S schall (Bloch \& Schneider, 1801), S sorex Gunther, 1864 and S warn:ells Pellegrin, 1919 Each species is characterized based on its bony anatomy The morphological variability within and between the species is discussed The enure skeleton is described, bone by bone A total of 61 osteological characters, both qualitative and quantitative arc established We emphasize the bones that are well preserved in the fossil, i.e the mesethmoid, the lateral ethmoid, the frontal, the supraoccipital, the cleithrum, the pectoral spine, the middle nucal plate and the dorsal spine As a first result, the Chadian Synodontis species can be recognized on the basis of bony characters only Second, we are also able to attribute isolated bones to nominative species or to a group of species At last, we note that no osteological character legitimates the distinction of the genera Hemtsynodontis Bleeker, 1862 and Brachysynodontis Bleeker, 1862.},
	url = {http://links.isiglobalnet2.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2\&SrcAuth=mekentosj\&SrcApp=Papers\&DestLinkType=FullRecord\&DestApp=WOS\&KeyUT=000279584500001},
	author = {Pinton, Aurelie and Otero, Olga}
}
@article {125,
	title = {Characterization of two Synodontis (Siluriformes: Mochokidae) catfish species in the White Nile and Lake Nubia},
	year = {2010},
	month = {2010/00/01},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Abstract I found that cluster analysis of body weight, 25 morphometric measurements and seven meristic counts separated most of the population of Synodontis schall, from the Jebel Aulia area, Khar- toum along the White Nile, from the population of Lake Nubia, the southern},
	url = {http://www.springerlink.com/index/H4J5H36U3755G48V.pdf},
	author = {Mohamed, E}
}
